A Primer on Information and Influence in Animal Communication

“What is surprising is that, despite this intensive study, the whole subject [of animal communication] is extremely confused, largely because the definitions of the various terms that have been used. While this was already true when the first edition of this book was written, the confusions have now reached monumental proportions, with leading theorists even disagreeing as to what should properly be called ‘a signal’ or ‘communication’”. Marian Dawkins 1995 (p. 72)